Online Test for Home Study Essential MAT Assessments 284 QUESTIONS

1. Note in the Introduction that we’ll be addressing active and passive ranges of motion, ________, neurological deficits, and soft tissue injuries such as tendinopathies

2. Flexibility refers to the ability of a muscle to lengthen, whereas ______ describes how well the ____ move

3. The ability of a joint to move actively through a ROM without restriction or discomfort is termed ______

4. During ROM testing, always get informed consent from the client prior to _______

5. During ROM assessment, If no pain or limitation exists in _____ ROM testing, further ROM testing isn’t necessary

6. Abnormal end feel or correct end feel at an incorrect point in the range may indicate _______ or a. non- compliance

7. At the end of available passive ROM, the therapist applies a controlled overpressure to assess the _______ of the tissue’s resistance to motion

8. What presents as a hard, unyielding, abrupt, but painless sensation

9. In a Bone on Bone end feel, restriction occurs before the normal end of ROM often stemming from _______

10. The sudden and hard dramatic arrest of movement in muscle spasm presents as a springy, _____ rebound end feel

11. A Capsular Stretch end feel occurs when the ROM is reduced and the limitation comes on _____

12. Pain may be described as an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual or ______ tissue damage

13. Pain is more than just a sensation or the physical awareness of pain—it also includes ______, or the subjective interpretation of the discomfort

14. Orthopedic tests are designed to evaluate individuals for ______ impairment and are generally more reliable when clustered with other physical exams

15. Orthopedic tests are used to evaluate pain, loss of joint play, and muscle extensibility, but they are not meant to ______ a condition

16. In the Range of Motion chart on page 4, Neck lateral flexion is 35o but rotation is ______o

17. What is the degree of knee extension?

18. Hip internal rotation is 40o while external rotation is____o

19. Ankle plantarflexion is 50o while dorsiflexion I sonly_____o

20. Wrist ulnar deviation is 45o while wrist radial deviation is only ____o

21. In the Gait Assessment segment, it states that “Clients often reveal more information when performing normal __________movements than when asked to execute tasks such as walking, forward bending, and ROM maneuvers.”

22. Since our ultimate therapeutic goal is to establish ______ movement during the walking cycle, gait evaluations rank high in every assessment protocol

23. Which of the following is not important to look for during

24. When “Observing for a Client’s Gait Abnormalities”, the therapist is not looking for______

25. Therapist observes from the back and side evaluating for a weak ______ system

26. In the video, therapist notices that the toes of the client’s right foot are visible from behind indicating an_______

27. In Erik’s Abnormal Gait section he states: “Before an infant learns to crawl, she moves in a homolateral fashion, which involves one side of the body projecting forward simultaneously during ____ and _____ activities.”

28. Signs that cross-patterned movements could use sharpening include poor balance, neck stiffness, lack of coordination, difficulty reading, _______, clumsiness, and learning disabilities such as dyslexia

29. Clients presenting with remnants of homolateral gait not only need _______ home retraining exercises to help strengthen whole-brain neuronal connections, but also good bodywork

30. During Erik’s “Abnormal Gait” Demonstration, he first shows how the same arm and leg swing together during __________ gait

31. In Homolateral Gait, the client either never developed cross-patterned gait from _______ or has reverted back due to spinal fusion, injury or an abnormal brain processing problem

32. In the Homolateral Gait demonstration Erik shows how the head is not placed properly over the _____ leg during walking

33. In Antalgic Gait, the client limps due to pain upon __________

34. The client’s limp is due to hip, knee or ______ injury

35. In Antalgic Gait, the stance phase is significantly _______relative to the swing phase to minimize closed chain loading

36. During Ataxic Gait, the client moves with a ______ standing base

37. Ataxic Gait typically involves a ________ problem

38. Ataxic Gait movements appear _________, leg placement is variable and reproducibility is lost

39. Arthrogenic is a _____ gait

40. Arthrogenic Gait typically arises from a from a stiff _____ or _______

41. During Arthrogenic Gain, the client swings the leg to off-load _____ or _______

42. During the Trendelenburg Gait, there is a drop in the ______ on the unaffected side

43. In Trendelenburg Gait, there is a _____ protrusion of the affected hip

44. Assess for superior ______ nerve entrapments is those with Trendelenburg Gait

45. In Steppage Gait, the client cannot actively raise the _______

46. In order to clear the toes, the foot may audibly slap the ground due to lack of ______ dorsiflexion

47. In the video, Erik says that Steppage Gait is often caused by an _______ radiculopathy

48. In the Brain-based Posturofunctional Exams segment, the PMRF is describes as a dynamic relay station located in the________ at the pontomedullary junction where pons meets the medulla

49. When functioning properly, the PMRF ______ cervicothoracic flexion, which, in turn, effectively_____ gravitational exposure

50. Clients with bilateral PMRF disorders commonly present with ______

51. When Assessing PMRF Dysfunctions, the client is asked to take a couple of deep breaths, _____ and relax the shoulders

52. Therapist observes for excessive _______, head-on- neck hyperextension, upper chest breathing and other alterations in spinal curve

53. The vestibular system’s ______ houses organs that contribute to postural stability

54. With a healthy PMRF resisting flexion and a highly functioning vestibular system promoting _______, our posturally challenged clients can stand taller and move better

55. In the Vestibular One-legged Stance Test, the client is instructed to stand on one leg without the support of the ______

56. The client begins the one-legged standing test with eyes _______

57. The client is instructed to close his eyes and maintain balance for up to ____ seconds

58. A fail test is recorded of the client’s foot touches the _____ leg

59. The Romberg Tests the body’s sense of positioning or ______

60. The Romberg test is used to investigate the cause of loss of motor coordination or _______

61. The therapist asks the client to first stand with eyes ____ and then ____

62. When the client closes his eyes, he should not orient himself by light, sense or ____

63. For safety, it is essential that the therapist stand close to the client to prevent a potential _____

64.The cerebellum receives information from the ______ systems, the spinal cord, and other parts of the brain

65. The cerebellum coordinates voluntary movements such as posture, balance, coordination, and _______

66. In the Cerebellum “Contralateral Knee Touch Test”, the client slowly lifts one knee while reaching over with opposite ____to touch the ____

67. Therapist observes for accuracy, balance or _______ problems

68. In the Supination-Pronation Cerebellar Test, client’s elbows are flexed to _____o and arms braced against the side of the body

69. The client is asked to rapidly supinate and pronate both hands simultaneously while keeping the thumbs held tightly against the ______

70. The therapist observes for any lagging or uncoordinated movement between the client’s two _________

71. In the Finger-to-Nose Test, the client’s shoulder is ______ to 90o with the elbow extended

72. With eyes closed, the client is asked to bring tip of the _____ finger to the tip of ____ and repeat

73. The primary motor cortex on the ____ side of the brain controls movement of the ____ side of the body, and vice- versa

74. When assessing with the Motor Cortex Test, therapist asks client to ____ his efforts to push the ____down

75. If a muscle on the left side tests _____, there may be a problem with the ____ motor cortex

76. The primary sensory cortex is responsible for processing somatic sensations that arise from ________ positioned throughout the body

77. When Assessing the Sensory Cortex with the Spinal Push Test, therapist stands ____client and begins gently pushing on _____ processes from T1- T-12

78. To test which side of the sensory cortex’s parietal lobe may be weak, the therapist’s fingers move ______ of the suspected area and repeats the Push Test

79. A weak spinal segment on the____ indicates a possible ____ sensory cortex problem

80. When performing Biofunctional Exams and the client hurts in a particular spot, it simple means the _____is being expressed there

81. To avoid compartmentalized thinking, we perform standardized assessments and try and relate them to a bigger picture of _______ function

82. When Assessing for Scapulocostal Rhythm, therapist notes the interplay of the ___________, acromioclavicular, glenohumeral, and scapulothoracic joints

83. When the arm is abducted 180o, 60o should occur at the scapula with 120o of ________ elevation occurring at the shoulder joints

84. If here is restriction to ______o of movement, therapist’s finger and thumb contact the ______ angle of the scapula and monitor to see if there is 60o of motion during arm elevation

85. Wall angels help assess for forward head posture by pulling the ______ back and ______ the middle to lower trapezius muscles

86. When assessing for upper cross syndrome using Wall Angels, the client stands a foot from the wall with______ slightly flexed and_____ tucked

87. Client abducts about 65o and ______ rotates his arms so the dorsal side of his hands are in contact with the wall

88. Client is asked to deeply ______ and slowly begin gliding his arms up the wall attempting to keep his hands and _____ spine in contact

89. With client’s arms at 135º therapist holds mild pressure on _______ and client is asked to sidebend back and forth

90. Even though the _____ brain controls the _____ side of the body (and vice versa), eye and hand dominance can happen without the brain prompting it

91. To promote an accurate anatomical landmark reading, it is essential that the therapist center his_______ eye between the two ______ being tested

92. When Assessing for Dominate Eye, therapist locates an object (like a can light in this video) and places the ______ around the can with both eyes _____

93. In the Iliac Crest Assessment, therapist places his dominant eye in the mid-line and assesses which crest is highest indicating a _______ rotated ilium

94. The purpose of the Kemp Test is to assess the _______ spine facet joints by using the client’s trunk both as a lever to induce tension and as a compressive force

95. Local pain suggests a _____ cause, while radiating pain into the leg is more suggestive of nerve root irritation such as sciatica

96. In the Kemp’s Test for sciatic nerve root impingement, therapist asks client to extend his torso and _______ to painful side

97. Therapist applies the ______ Test by gently pushing down on the client’s shoulder and enhancing the sidebending and rotation

98. If the client’s sciatic symptoms are ________, the therapist records his findings as a ______ on the Kemp’s Test

99. In the Shoulder Exams section, therapist is assessing for rotator cuff impingement of the _______ , subacromial bursa & bicipital tendon

100. Common upper extremity ranges of motions for the shoulder include 170º to 180º degrees of flexion, 50º to 60º of extension and _____º to _____º of abduction

101. In the Painful Arc Test, therapist asks client to slowly _____his arm to 180o and bring it down slowly

102. Therapist observes for painful symptoms between _____º and _____º as the client raises and lowers the arm

103. To test, therapist _____rotates client’s arm and points client’s thumb toward the _____

104. To test for Empty Can pain provocation, therapist asks client to _____as he gently pushes down on his arm

105. The Speeds Test for bicipital tendinosis has a Sensitivity of ____% and Specificity of ____%

106. With arm flexed to ____o, elbow extended and arm supinated, client resists therapist’s downward pressure

107. While no single test confirms the presence of frozen shoulder (adhesive capsulitis) when test are _______, assessment accuracy is enhanced

108. In the Frozen Shoulder section, the therapist asks the client to ____his affected arm while his fingers palpate the____ angle of the scapula

109. If the scapula begins to externally rotate before ___º or the client begins to sidebend his torso to elevate the arm, therapist records a positive on assessment sheet

110. To test for external humeral rotation, therapist braces client’s _____ to the side of his body

111. Therapist brings client’s ______ to the first external rotation restriction barrier assessing for 90o of _____ external rotation

112. To test internal humeral rotation, the therapist’s right hand braces at client’s ____ and his left contacts the client’s_______

113. Using a gentle counterforce, the therapist pushes with is left hand while resisting with the right to assess for ___o of internal humeral rotation

114. To assess for 180o of glenohumeral abduction, therapist places client’s arm on his shoulder and his hands brace the _______ border of client’s shoulder

115. As therapist extends his____ to abduct client’s arm, he is able to assess for ______ ROM restrictions

116. When Assessing Shoulder Girdle Joint dysfunction, remember that one of the primary and oft-overlooked causes of rotator cuff tendinopathy is insufficient ______ joint elevation of the clavicle

117. Tension, trauma and sub-optimal posture may cause the clavicle to get locked in a _______ position on the manubrium and unable to glide down as the arm is raised

118. To assess Sternoclavicular Joint restrictions bilaterally, therapist stands behind client and places each finger on the ______border of the client’s clavicle

119. The client is asked to _____ his shoulders and the therapist’s fingers assess if both sides are dropping down

120. To assess client’s left SC joint, therapist’s left hand grasps client’s arm and _____ while palpating for inferior movement of the clavicle at around 90o

121. To determine if the client’s medial clavicular heads are dropping ____- during shoulder girdle protraction, therapist asks client to reach forward as therapist’s fingers palpate the ______ clavicular heads

122. The fingers of the therapist’s _____ hand monitor the AC joint and his _____hand externally rotates client’s shoulder to barrier

123. Next, the therapist assesses for internal humeral rotation by monitoring the AC joint with the fingers of his right hand with shoulder _______30o

124. To test for AC joint abduction restrictions, therapist places client ______ arm on his shoulder to ____o and adducts the humerus 30o

125. Therapist assesses for Glenohumeral Restrictions during internal, external and ______ movements

126. Next, the therapist assesses for horizontal internal humeral rotation by bracing the _____ with the fingers of his _____hand

127. To test for neutral internal humeral rotation restriction, the client’s arm is _____rotated and his hand placed behind his ____

128. To test for neutral eternal humeral rotation restrictions, therapist braces client’s arm to the ______ of his body and flexes his elbow to ____o

129. In the Brugger Test, the therapist’s thumb and fingers palpate for hypertonic ________ muscles

130. If the hypertonicity gets better when the client sits, then the problem is coming from imbalances _____

131. In the Forward Bending Test, the therapist asks client to try flexing through the ____ instead of the lumbar spine

132. If the lumbar spine still ______excessively, therapist records a positive on assessment sheet

133. The Adam’s Test helps determine if the client has a functional or _______ scoliosis

134. In the Adam’s Test, therapist sidebends and rotates the client’s torso. If the curve gets better during any of these movements it’s a _______ scoliosis

135. If the curve remains the same during any of these motions it’s a structural or ______ scoliosis

136. In the Active & Passive Torso Sidebending Test, the client right and left sidebends and therapist assesses pain provocation and degree of available motion before the ____ moves

137. Then the therapist places hands on client’s shoulders, and passively _______ client’s torso right and left observing for________ or pain provocation

138. In the Standing Flexion Test, the therapist’s thumbs monitor the client’s _______ bilaterally

139. If one of his thumbs moves _______ in relation to the other, the therapist records that as a positive for possible _______ dysfunction

140. When Testing Lumbar Mechanics, therapist’s thumbs palpate the transverse processes of ____ bilaterally

141. As the client sidebends ____, the therapist should feel the L4 transverse process pushing back at him on the ____ side

142. In the Active & Passive Torso Rotation Test, therapist stabilizes client’s ____ and asks him to rotate right and left, assessing for available range of motion or provocation

143. In the Knee, Ankle & Toe Assessments section, therapists often find that the patella is tilted and sits in the knee the way a beret rests on the side of one’s head, thus the term _______

144. Reduced shock absorption from high-arched feet can compensate up the kinetic chain causing a _____ (bowlegged) shear force through the knees

145. During clinical assessment we commonly see a squinting patella co-present with a chronically elongated medial and a tight lateral knee ________

146. In the presence of prolonged foot _______, many global and core muscles forget how to “turn on” and “shut off” in proper sequence

147. In the Patella Tracking Test, therapist monitors each _____ to see if either are deviating medially or laterally

148. When assessing for calcaneal eversion, client slowly _____ as therapist observes the _____ tendon on both ankles

149. When assessing for overpronation and navicular drop, therapist’s fingers palpate the client’s arches to get a sense of which foot may be excessively ____ or _____

150. When assessing Big Toe Extension, therapist’s fingers and thumb grasp 1st toe and slowly test for at least ____ degrees of big toe extension

151. In the Cervical Spine Assessment section, the client with a neck crick may present with symptoms ranging from general cervical ____ to complete _____ and unrelenting pain

152. During the intake process, you may learn that many chronic pain clients carry a diagnosis of _______ and degenerative disc disease

153. Therapists must try to avoid words or graphic images that may trigger fear and possibly induce the _______effect

154. In the Vertebral Artery Test, the client is asked to slowly extend, left rotate, and left sidebend his head as therapist observes for symptoms of _______

155. During the active & Passive Sidebending, Rotation & Extension Tests, therapist assesses for passive sidebending by placing one hand on client’s _____ and sidebending to barrier with opposite hand

156. In the Active & Passive Sidebending, Rotation & Extension test, therapist places one hand on client’s _____ and sidebends to barrier with opposite hand

157. During the Spurling Test, therapist stands behind client and gently places both hands atop client’s _____

158. Therapist slowly begins to______ client’s head and asks client if the maneuver produces pain

159. In the Active Torso Rotation Test, therapist’s hands rotate client’s torso right and left assessing for loss of _____

160. In the Passive Torso Sidebending Test, therapist places left hand on client’s ____ and right hand on client’s right ____

161. In the Passive Torso Rotation Test, therapist passively rotates to first ______ barrier and notes any restrictions side to side

162. In the Forward Bending Test for lumbosacral dysfunction, If one PSIS moves _____ as the client forward bends, that may indicate ipsilateral SI joint dysfunction

163. In the Seated Adam’s Test, if spinal concavity or convexity appears during forward bending, it’s indication of _______

164. In the Adam’s Test, to determine if the scoliosis is functional or structural, the therapist grasps the client’s shoulders and slowly _____ and _____ to opposite sides

165. To determine if the scoliosis is functional or structural, the therapist grasps the client’s shoulders and slowly _____ and ______ to opposite sides

166. When performing the Slump Test for Sciatica, therapist grasps client’s leg and begins to slowly _____ the knee and client reports any hip, leg or foot pain

167. In the Elbow Assessment, client flexes elbows to _____ degrees and places arms against his body

168. Therapist assesses for any ROM restrictions in _______ or _____

169. In the Assessing Radial and Ulnar Deviation and Carpal Fixations, therapist’s left hand braces the ______ while the right brings the hand into radial and ____ deviation

170. Therapist places his thumbs on top and index fingers on the proximal _____ row

171. Therapist then brings client’s hand into ______ while gently compressing the carpals with his thumbs

172. When Assessing Carpal Bone Fixations, client is asked to rapidly touch all his fingertips to his _____ starting with the 5th digit

173. Next, the client is asked to firmly hold the____ digit to the thumb and the therapist attempts to gently pull them apart

174. Therapist tests all fingers and makes note of any _____ that may involve carpal bone fixations

175. When performing the Neck Flexion Test, the firing order should be longus capitis/colli, SCM and anterior _____

176. The client is asked to raise his head and therapist observes which direction the client’s chin moves in the first ____inches

177. If the chin moves any direction other than toward the ______, there is a neck firing order problem

178. In the Cervical Spring Test, therapist’s left hand braces client’s ____ and his right drapes over the client’s ____

179. Then the therapist creates a _______ with both hands by bracing client’s forehead with left and pulling (springing) the neck with right

180. In the Alternate Cervical Spring Test, therapist’s fingers come ____ cervical spine and push toward the _____ to assess facet joint restrictions

181. In the Cervical Distraction Test, therapist uses a _____ to perform the maneuver

182. Therapist grips the ends of the pillowcase and places his thumbs on client’s ______

183. The test is positive if the client’s ______ pain has lessened

184. When performing the Intertransversarii Nerve Root Test, therapist slowly begins to flex client’s neck toward _____while keeping the head fully rotated

185. In the Interscalene Triangle Pain Provocation Test, therapist’s right arm curls around client’s head in______ grip with fingers bracing client’s chin

186. In the 1st Rib and hypertonic scalene assessment, therapist gently depresses the 1st rib and assesses for lost of _____ glide and joint play

187. In the Modified Adson’s Test, the client is asked to ____ right arm off table and begin slowly externally and internally rotating

188. In the Table Angels Test, client is asked to slowly abduct his arms and extend his ______ attempting to keep the back of his hands on the table without lifting his thorax

189. Therapist records which_____ leaves the therapy table first on assessment sheet

190. During the Clavicle Compression Test, the _____ eminence of therapist’s right hand depresses the clavicle while his left hand sidebends client’s head

191. In the Cross-arm Shoulder Depression Test, therapist’s arms cross so that the web of his right hand contacts the client’s left anterior ________ joint and left contacts the right

192. In the Tinel Tapping for Ulnar Nerve Test, therapist’s left hand hyperextends client’s ______ digits while right hand palpates and compresses the ulnar nerve at cubital tunnel

193. If client reports tingling, _______ or pain therapist records a positive on the Ulnar Tinel Test

194. In the Tinel Tapping for Radial Nerve Test, therapist right hand compresses radial nerve while left hand extends, internally _____ and ulnarly deviates client’s arm

195. When performing the Tinel Tapping for Median Nerve Test, therapist begins to gently tap in the carpal tunnel area around the ______ carpal ligament

196. In the Tinel Tapping for Guyon’s Tunnel Test, we are assessing the ____ nerve

197. In the Radial Nerve Assessment, therapist snakes his left hand under client’s elbow and grasps his wrist and internally ______ his arm to the first pain free barrier

198. In the Median Nerve Assessment, therapist’s fingers grasp and extend client’s thumb, index and middle fingers while _____ his wrist

199. In the Ulnar Nerve Assessment, therapist’s right hand grasps client’s right wrist and horizontally _____ and _____ rotates his arm to 90 degrees

200. In the Assessing Pelvic Biomechanics section, therapist first asks the client to clear his ____ by flexing his knees and lifting his hips off therapy table

201. Therapist then assesses for pelvic asymmetry by monitoring client’s _____ height

202. Therapist assesses iliac crest height by placing the blades of his index fingers on the _______ border of client’s iliac crests bilaterally

203. In the Ilium Rocking Test, therapist places his left hand under client’s left _____ and his right on the _____ border of the client’s right ASIS

204. If the ASIS on the right is more resistant to therapist’s downward push, then it is recorded as the more ______ rotated side

205. When Assessing Hamstring Flexibility, therapist’s left hand raises client’s extended leg while the fingers of his right hand palpate the client’s _______ASIS

206. Therapist continues to ____ client’s hip until he palpates the _____ move

207. Therapist repeats the maneuver assessing for___º of hamstring flexibility

208. Therapist slowly begins flexing client’s hip while asking him to report any sharp sciatic-like pain radiating into the_______ or down into the lower leg

209. Therapist backs off if the client reports pain and slowly repeats the maneuver noting at what degree of hip _____ the client reports pain

210. To test the peroneal nerve, the therapist’s right hand ____ and internally rotates client’s foot and slowly begins flexing client’s hip

211. To assess the tibial nerve, the therapist’s right hand ______ and externally rotates (everts) the client’s foot

212. Tibial nerve pain is often mis-assessed as plantar _______

213. In the Collateral Ligament Test, therapist places client’s ____ between his ____ so his hands can flex and extend client’s tibiofemoral joint

214. Therapist slightly ____ client’s knee and gently begins assessing for joint play by rocking the knee up and down and side to side

215. Next, the therapist assesses for ______ by gently dropping the knee into extension

216. In the Medial-Lateral Grind Test, therapist’s right hand grasps client’s knee so that his index finger palpates the _____ meniscus and thumb the lateral meniscus

217. As the therapist externally rotates client’s _______ joint (valgus position), the index finger of his right hand gently compresses client’s medial meniscus

218. Therapist then _____ rotates the tibia and femur while his thumb compresses the _____ meniscus assessing for pain provocation or grind

219. In the ACL & PCL Ligament Test, therapist begins by gently distracting the client’s _____ assessing for joint play

220. If therapist encounters a “sloppy” hypermobile joint during this maneuver and the client reports pain, therapist records a positive _______cruciate ligament

221. When assessing for proximal & distal tibia-fibula joint play, if client’s _____ cannot translate side to side, the tib-fib joint is fixated

222. When performing the Noble’s IT-band Friction Test, client’s knee is flexed and foot resting on therapy table and therapist’s fingers palpate just proximal to the lateral _______epicondyle on the IT-band

223. Therapist gently compresses the tendon against the femur while his opposite hand slowly _____client’s leg

224. If the compressive force on the tendon during knee extension creates pain, therapist suspects either _____ friction syndrome or possibly an inflamed fat pad

225. When performing the Hip Range of Motion Tests, therapist begins by flexing client’s knee and hip to 90-90 and slowly bringing client’s left knee toward his ______armpit

226.. When Assessing Hip Abductors and External Hip Rotators, therapist’s right palm braces the client’s left ASIS while his left _____ client’s knee across the midline

227. When performing the Adductor Magnus Assessment, therapist’s right hand grasps client’s left ankle and abducts his extended leg to allow his body to come between the leg and the _________

228. When assessing for Femoroacetabular Joint Play, therapist’s hands secure the _____ thigh at the femoroacetabular joint

229. To Distract, Compress, Internally and Externally Rotate Femur, therapist’s left hand snakes under client’s flexed right knee and he places right hand on client’s _____thigh

230. When assessing for Femoroacetabular Impingement Syndrome, therapist slowly adducts client’s knee toward the midline and asks client to report any sharp ____ pain

231. In the Greater Trochanteric Pain Syndrome section, it’s stated that the ________ is one of the largest, strongest and most flexible joints in the human body

232. Yet the hips and their supporting structures often take a beating due to aging, overuse, and trauma causing the brain to reactively guard the area with muscle _____ or pain

233. Today many of us have come to realize that many cases of hip “bursitis” are actually due to wear and tear of the gluteus medius/minimus ______ beneath the bursa and/or IT-band irritation overlying

234. When Assessing for Greater Trochanteric Hip Bursitis, therapist slowly begins _____ the client’s knee while adding a little femoral internal rotation

235. Therapist then attempts to tighten the IT-band on the greater trochanteric ______ to assess for pain provocation