Exam import Upper Body

As reported in the Preface, most job-related injuries in America today result from:

To produce energy, the preferred fuel for extrinsic muscles is:

Muscle spasm or guarding are terms used to describe the body’s reaction to the threat of actual or perceived tissue injury.

Because calcium reacts with ATP to produce muscle contraction, tissue lengthening must soon be undertaken to prevent spasmodic muscles from releasing chemicals called:

The Myoskeletal Method utilizes the fascia’s sensory receptor system to produce plastic deformation (creep) to help:

Some manual therapists voice concern that third-party pay from insurance companies may propel the development of:

Nikolai Bogduk’s famous quote, “In God we trust; all others…bring data” may prove unnecessary if somatic therapists can offer subjective evidence showing that we are helping people in pain.

In the Introduction chapter, pain is described as more than a sensation, or the physical awareness of pain; it also includes:

Researchers have shown that compression of a nerve root does not necessarily produce pain.

When asked what he considered to be a primary cause of most bodily pain and dysfunction______quickly responded, “lack of a variety of movement patterns.”

Defeatist attitudes are signs the client may:

Which of the following is not a component of the Central Nervous System?

Nociceptors are concentrated in areas more prone to injury such as:

The thalamus interprets pain signals and quickly forwards them to the:

How does acute pain differ from chronic pain?

Nerve root lesions can perpetuate pain even though the root itself is considered an insensitive structure:

Pain must be appreciated for helping us:

In Chapter 1, the following statement is made, “What are a few things therapists must look for during an evaluation

As opposed to the relaxation massage model, pain management history taking continues throughout each session:

In the “Naughty 9′ most common palpation errors, which of the following do you personally consider to be therapeutically most counterproductive:

Speed is the enemy of depth just as lack of enthusiasm for learning is the enemy of:

Resist the temptation to mentally ‘box’ the client’s complaint in to a “fix-it” formula that excludes:

Which is not a useful tip for a history intake:

The Dirty Dozen chapter asks, “As posture improves, many long-standing aches and pains disappear without the therapist ever having to know exactly which soft tissues were the actual pain-generators”

Compensations from exaggerated lordotic posture reverberate up the spine causing:

Janda’s upper crossed “tight line” traverses through:

Creating tone in the weak abdominals flattens lumbar lordosis.

The most common error made in performing Postural exercises for Upper and Lower Crossed Syndromes is:

Chapter 4 asks the question, “Muscle imbalances occur when there is an alteration in length-tension relationship surrounding a given joint.”

An excellent example of reciprocal inhibition occurs in Janda’s upper crossed syndrome as the tight pectorals reciprocally weaken:

What term is defined as “acting together; enhancing the effect of another force.”

In the neck flexion test, the firing order pattern should be:

The medical community successfully treats “wallet-sciatica” by:

The Myoskeletal approach emphasizes that injury involving muscle-pulls, joint trauma, and decompensation (structural break-down) has roots in predictable muscle imbalance patterns.

Factors that can affect joint function and determine the degree of flexibility discussed in Chapter 5 include

Which is not a basic barrier concept?

The plastic deformation sensation during myofascial manipulation has been attributed to:

The musculotendinous junction (MTJ) discussed in Chapter 6 is the weakest zone in the muscle-tendon unit.

In cases of tendon injury, it is best to:

Concentric contraction involves a muscle shortening while actively delivering

Many sports injuries are caused from forceful eccentric exercises that damage muscle fiber membranes.

Moise Feldenkrais beautifully summarized the psychological ramifications of flexion-dominance. People go into flexion in search of:

Clinical evidence supports the fact that prolonged sitting neurologically shortens the body’s_________.

An optimally functioning body has no predictable firing order pattern during complex movements of the torso.

The transversus abdominis and lumbar multifidus are deep support muscles designed to stabilize the torso so other muscles can undertake maneuvers without compromising the stability of the:

Depression is derived from the Latin word “deprimere” which means:

Does the human brain have the ability to generate pain in the absence of noxious input:

A perfect example of the workings of sensitization can be found in the sometimes mysterious condition called:

Pain management therapists should be cautious when assessing, speculating and particularly labeling perceived causes contributing to a client’s neck and back pain.

In the athletic population, short leg syndromes and short hip flexors causes pelvic tilting that dramatically reduces:

The “Feet-shufflers” structural dilemma is primarily caused by tight, short:

In the Myoskeletal Approach, the treatment sequence is as follows:

Chapter 13 asks this question, “A common interference to the body’s nervous system is”:

For the body to sail smoothly through life, it must have the ability to:

When the body’s capacity to resist stress is overwhelmed, tonic muscles become:

Prolonged postural stress leads to predict able functional changes such as a loss of:

In the Exploring Perfect Posture chapter, perfect posture is described as:

When the normal functioning of any part of the somatic system becomes overstressed, a vicious cycle of pain and dysfunction ensues leading to decompensation.

During locomotion, the myofascial systems’ antigravity springing mechanism decompresses and hydrates intervertebral discs

During the hip hyperextension test the firing order should be:

In shoulder abduction, which muscle should not be included in the optimal firing order pattern:

Who made the classic statement, “In the presence of vertebral dysfunction, palpable 4th-lay muscle hypertonicity will always be found?”

Type 1 group dysfunctions cause three or more consecutive vertebral joints to rotate and sidebend in opposite directions resulting in a functional scoliosis.

An enhancer is any client-activated force (inhale to the count of 5, look up at your eyebrows and down at your toes, etc.) directed through the neuromyoskeletal system that aids the therapist in:

“Go for a smooth grove” is powerful statement emphasizing the importance of proper balance and alignment in all joint related tissues in this vital area. Who made this statement?

No muscle, ligament or joint capsule should ever be taken into a nonphysiologic range of motion since this is outside the scope of practice for most massage and bodywork practitioners.

The Dirty Dozen treatment section begins with release of the:

“LPL” stands for:

The modified Corkscrew is designed to release which muscles:

The use of ____ greatly affects the therapeutic outcome when treating suboccipitals:

In the FRF Section, the therapist searches for 4th layer fibrosis that alerts them to the presence of:

Fast-paced fiber-activation techniques stimulate the:

What sensory system in Chapter 18 responds to the position of the head in relationship to gravity and movement?

Compensatory sagittal curves result in hyperkyphosis or hyperlordosis, whereas, horizontal compensations are referred to as rotations or torsions.

Acquired scoliosis arises from conditions such as:

In the chapter “Scoliosis…A Case Study”, Amy’s structure indicated:

The Short Right Leg Syndrome chapter discusses research by Denslow and Chase which found:

Eighty percent of babies presenting in a normal left fetal lie are right vestibular and left motor dominant:

J. Gordon Zink discovered that 80 percent of subjects who considered themselves healthy presented with a (L/R/L/R) common compensatory pattern and 20 percent (R/L/R/L) were labeled as having:

A common substitution pattern in hip abduction is:

During prolonged standing, the client’s body weight routinely shifts over the vestibularly dominant left leg creating stretch weakness in the left gluteus medius/minimus.

Which of the following is a common self regulating balancing foot pattern?

In the lower limbs, compensations at each level can be summarized as follows:

It is theorized that fetal inertia during maternal acceleration stimulates what part of the vestibular apparatus causing left vestibular and right motor dominance?

What structure permits the rectus abdominis muscles to spread laterally during pregnancy?

Myoskeletal Zone Therapy primarily focuses on rotation and sidebending fascial distortions of the spine and its associated diaphragms.

Zink reasoned that, optimally, there should be equal fascial rotational motion to both sides. This small group was labeled as:

The mechanism of labor has been divided into several cardinal movements. Which of the following is not one of them?

Myoskeletal Zone Therapy assessment and treatment begins with the______ junction.

If the client presents with a L/R/L/L pattern, which zone needs to be addressed in order to restore the common compensatory pattern?

If the client presents with a R/L/L/L pattern, treatment at what zone would bring him/her into a compensated state?

What diaphragm would you address if the client were decompensated at the thoraco lumbar junction?

Which of the brain’s centers represents the highest cortical level regulating muscle tone?

As their contour changes, mechanoreceptors supply the brain with vital information concerning shape, texture, weight, and the landscape of objects in their external environment.

The vertebral artery is particularly at risk from bone spurring where it enters the spine at C6-7 and also at the occipitoatlantal membrane as it tucks up into the_____.

Hyperextension combined with rotation of the head on neck results in narrowing of the vertebral artery on the contralateral side up to 90 percent.

In forward head postures, the extensor muscles must isometrically hold back the weight of the head and also an extra 10 pounds for every:

The most common instigator of a “straight-necked” trauma-induced posture is:

The Uncovertebral Joints of Von Luschka keep the nerves free of obstructions as they guide these sensitive structures away from the thoracic spine:

The human body contains_________ neurons.

Most scientists have dismissed the nerve root as a pain sensitive structure due to the lack of:

The sinuvertebral nerve innervates the:

As we age we lose mechanoreceptors causing less gating and more pain.

The word migraine comes from the Greek word hemicranos which means:

Pain from a common headache often results from:

Although women have forty percent less neck musculature than men, the female head still represents approximately eight percent of a woman’s total body weight… the same percentage as in men.

Joint capsules consist of two parts:

Bogduk found that most head and upper neck pain stemmed from what referred facet joints?

The basic functions of spinal nociceptors include:

Traditionally, muscle weakness may be attributed to two factors:

A positive test for a forward head posture requires that the zygomatic arch be more than 5 centimeters forward of the sterno clavicular joint.

As the head moves forward on the neck, tight hyoids traction the mandible posterior/inferior causing jaw_______.

The brain and spinal cord are suspended within the skull and vertebral column by tooth-like_______ligaments.

Which of the suboccipital muscles are most responsible for pain from stomach-sleeping?

What teacher called the coccyx the “seat of the soul”?

The _____ itself has no nociceptors and is therefore insensitive to pain.

Melzack and Wall proposed a unique system where small diameter nerve fibers carry pain stimuli through a _____ mechanism.

Passive mechanoreceptor releases require that the therapist apply gently sustained force using the Law of Inertial Mass until tissue texture moves freely in all directions.

Cutaneous receptors do not affect joint pain. Only active stimulation of joint receptors through active movements affects articular receptors.

The types of pain according to clinical signs and symptoms include:

Work with the client’s ventilatory process by applying pressure on _____ and resisting on ______.

ART is the acronym used to describe the following:

Therapists should expect positive clinical results to exceed each Myoskeletal session due to increased mechanoreceptive activation and less joint complex nociception.

The consolidated surge of noxious stimuli jams neurological pathways leading to a condition called:

In the Chapter Sensory Receptor Overview, Dalton refers to painful, longlasting vertebra/rib dysfunction as:

The basis of the Myoskeletal Approach for creating joint-play is:

The Brugger Test alerts the therapist to the possibility of:

When the Neck Flexion Test creates radicular pain, an orthopedic workup may be necessary due to the possibility of:

If resistance to right sidebending at C5-6 is encountered with the client’s head in extension, the C5-6 facet joint on the right is not______.

In translation, the superior spinal segment is braced testing the ability of the inferior segment to open and close properly.

If restriction is met during right translation of C5 on C6 with the neck in flexion, the right facets are not:

The most common O-A dysfunction occurs when the right occipital condyle loses the ability to glide posteriorly on atlas.

Always reposition fingers if a pulse is felt or zingers radiate down the arms.

In a right cervical extension restriction, the facets on the client’s left won’t: