Exam import Lower Body

Harrison Fryette’s 1st Law of Spinal Motion states “rotation and sidebending occur to __________sides.”

The Myoskeletal Approach uses “bones as levers to release deep spinal muscles.”

Groove work can be done with elbows, fists, or fingers to release the deep ___________ muscles and joint capsules.

In the Law of Inertial Mass, we slowly take up the slack and apply more pressure as the tissue begins to move.

When joints are fixated, the mechanoreceptors can inhibit the_______ that cross the joint.

The most common area of foot dysfunction is tearing of the plantar fascia from the ________bone.

The goal of hip joint work is to mobilize in all three ________planes.

For those who have too much lumbar lordosis, we move the tissue_____.

Knuckles can be used in the Myoskeletal Method, but proper use of thumbs is also a great tool when used correctly.

When treating facet joint dysfunctions, our goal is to release which muscles?

When we put the client in the fetal position, we’re asking the facets to open or close?

If the facet joint is not opening the bones will push back against you.

In his chapter “Refine Your Touch” Art Riggs cites a comment made by Erik Dalton when asked what element needs to be improved in massage education:

The goal of effective bodywork is to:

Working too hard or too quickly can result in which type of pain classification?

Frequently people will feel transitory alleviation of symptoms, but quickly return to normal because:

Therapists sometimes impose unnecessary discomfort primarily due to poorly developed skills of touch, but also because:

Indicators that your client is nearing their pain threshold include:

Intense work stimulates the sympathetic nervous system. After the release that comes with this work leave time for more nurturing and gentle work to:

In Erik Dalton’s “May the Course Be With You,” it states: “Researchers agree that back injuries are the bane of a golfer’s existence and are primarily related to:

The art of leading the golf swing with the hips requires precise__________ muscle sequencing.

Another cause of golfer’s back pain is called the__________ factor.

Even if the golfer’s pain is manifesting in the low back, neck, or rotator cuff, I must address the “disconnect” at the fixated hip joint first.

Once the thorax is arched and the back is swayed during setup, the golfer can no longer “hinge” from the hips and is unable to maintain the spine in a stable neutral position.

The Myoskeletal approach is to correct scoliosis first and then address abnormal upper and lower crossed patterns.

Typically, I’ll assign a dozen or more home retraining exercises after each session.

To prevent injury, golfers must possess a learned sequencing ability that allows them to _____and _____ muscles fluidly and flawlessly.

The primary function of joints is to transmit stress when stabilized by muscle contraction.

Judith Aston is widely recognized as a pioneer in the art and science of

Kinetics seeks to recognize which asymmetries are natural to a person’s body.

Aston Kinetics is a

In moving through our lives, we all come to places where our movement is not what we would like it to be because:

Judith developed the System at the request of

The two opposing forces that shape our bodies and influence our movements, all day, everyday are:

GRF stands for

No human is symmetrical.

Til Luchau states there are two predominant methods for laterally shifting one’s center of gravity over the standing leg. They are:

In the shoulder shift the shoulder girdle and upper body shift over the standing leg to allow the ___________ to be lifted:

Piriformis syndrome occurs _______ times more frequently in women than men.

Lumbar disk issues are more common in women than men.

What are you looking for when assessing hip shift by having your client lift the knee?

A shorter leg will cause increased hip shift to the same side:

Gil Hedley coined the term “somanaut”. He defines it as:

Hedley refers to the transition zone between the superficial and deep fascia as:

Muscles often relate to each other along their through filmy fascia. When pulled apart, these fasciae look like:

Hedley uses the term “fuzz” as a metaphor for tissue production and bonding at a molecular level.

What starts as a pattern of muscular contraction, if repeated habitually, will eventually be mirrored in the fascial architecture and ultimately in the:

In the living, inflammation from popping or tearing adherent tissues could:

In Craig Liebenson’s chapter on page 75, he states: “The body should be viewed as a kinetic chain that involves regional interdependence.” An example would be:

Usually, the strongest person is not the best athlete, and strength has not been shown to prevent injury.

Stability and mobility go hand-in-hand. Often, stiff joints or tight muscles alter movement patterns, resulting in _______.

A loss of the natural lumbar curve can be correlated with poor mobility of the ankles

Making a proper determination requires an empirical process that involves testing, correcting, and re-testing. This is called the:

Adjo Zorn and Kai Hodeck are both members of the Fascia Research Project team at Ulm University.

Seen from the eyes of other species, human beings have:

The first explanation of how energy is conserved while walking came in the year 1836 from two famous brothers:

The “inverted pendulum,” is more widely accepted as providing a significant contribution to saving energy.

In the 1960s, Italian researcher Giovanni Cavagna became famous for his correct prediction that the first astronauts on the moon would:

The inverted pendulum converts kinetic energy into:

What is the most common tissue in the human body?

Colla is the Greek word for:

The term researchers use to describe the slope, or slant, of the heel, from rear to front, is the “____ ____ _____.”

Given time, however, the brain – through a process called ________, reluctantly adapts to the abnormal movement postures and relearns them as “normal.”

To stretch iliopsoas, the therapist braces the hip with his left hand and pulls the right extended leg back into extension.

The Golgi organs, Ruffini receptors, Pacini corpuscles and Interstitial receptors are collectively called:

It has been demonstrated that deep mechanical pressure to the human abdominal region or sustained pressure to the pelvis produces parasympathetic reflex responses which include:

Deep mechanical pressure to the abdominal area and sustained pressure to the pelvis cause a person to be more anxious.

Stimulating Gogi tendon organs results in increased tonus in related striated motor fibers:

Interstitial receptors are found in:

In short, we know the body interconnects on many levels, but we need better treatment strategies than ____ and ____.

“There is, in fact, only one muscle. One mind, and one muscle – it just hangs around in six hundred pockets within the unitary fascial bag.”

What kind of structures when stressed, tend to distribute rather than concentrate strain? The body does the same, with the result that local injuries soon become global strain patterns.

The Hesch Method evaluates passive motion in non-weight-bearing contexts so that:

In addition to hormones and pregnancy, there are other causes of hypermobility in the SIJ caused by:

With the Hesch Method we are screening for treatable motion that is blocked, not allowing forces to travel through the SIJ, as opposed to the illusion that we can discern motion loss in the SIJ.

In SIJD which ligaments will have altered tone?

When torsion is present you will be able to spring three sacral quadrants. However, you will not be able to:

The most common torsion is:

In Erik Dalton’s “Vicious Cycle” chapter, he states, “Without hands-on maintenance and functional fine-tuning, cyclists often unknowingly reinforce what?

Who found that core stabilization muscles, such as the multifidus, sometimes atrophy within 24 hours following facet joint injury?

A common muscle imbalance problem among the “flexiholic” bike population is hip flexors that are locked short, and hamstrings and _________ that are overstretched and weak.

The first order of business when treating adhesive (motion-restricted) hip capsules is to mobilize the femoroacetabular joint in all three cardinal planes.

Once the low back and hips are aligned and stabilized, ribcage mobility and __________ dysfunctions must be addressed.

When managing chronic injuries, it’s vital to precisely identify the anatomical structure at fault, and weed out any risk factors that may predispose the client to injury.

Aline Newton is a _____________________

“Core health” is short-hand for:

Banda “uddlyana” is the basic movement of:

The basic model of stabilization applies to

Lumbar multifidus and transversus abdominis are the core stabilizers of the low back.

James Waslaski is an author and international lecturer on chronic pain and sports injuries,

We propose a treatment for tendinosis using __________ ______ friction to soften the scar tissue.

Overuse tendinopathies are common injuries, usually caused by collagen degeneration and, by definition, tendinosis.

The use of NSAIDs and corticosteroids is necessary in anti-inflammatory strategies.

The cross fiber friction is intended to:

Deep cross fiber friction is only necessary in the presence of a muscle strain.

It is _________ to re-evaluate the client each time he or she returns for therapy.

Tendinosis is often due to prolonged or excessive load on tendon attachments of muscles.

Serge Gracovetsky states that the wide range of human physical activities obscures the relative simplicity of the physics behind movement.

It is reasonable to inquire how much of the leg may be removed before human bipedal gait is impaired. Surprisingly, the answer is:

Lordosis is not present in the spine at the early stages of fetal development.

The efficient exchange of energy between pelvis and shoulder is made possible by the oscillating nature of______________.

One important role of the spine is to redirect the action of the powerful leg muscles into an axial torque that uses Earth’s gravitational field as intermediary energy storage.

Typically, when we see cases of upward shearing of the ilium on the sacrum, the person’s SI joints are lacking either ____ or _____ closure.

When the brain senses_____, it may decide to lock down the area with protective muscle guarding.

Once the joint is dislodged through injury, it is too late to functionally strengthen the tissues – it does no good to build a house on a faulty foundation.

Robert Irvin is a DO in private practice with a focus on postural orthopedics.

The body responds to gravitation and mechanical stress with posture. Even subtle imbalances in a patient’s posture can cause:

Which method focuses on correcting the effects of postural imbalance?

The chapter on Using Orthotics to Correct Postural Imbalance discusses how

Postural imbalance can cause a patient’s entire frame to become

Via orthotics, postural therapists can directly and enduringly correct imbalances in the feet and attitude of the sacral base, which serve as origins of overall postural imbalance.

Foot orthotics are_____________

Genu Valgus is

Foot orthotics have the greatest effect on posture in the sagittal plane.

Stretching before competition is helpful:

When movements become too repetitive our body ceases to “pay attention” and our sense of proprioception cannot be properly engaged. To prevent such a sensory dampening, we need to keep our exercises:

Recent findings indicate that the superficial fascial layers of the body are in fact, more densely populated with mechanoreceptive nerve endings than tissue situated more internally.

In addition to slow and fast dynamic stretches as well as utilizing elastic recoil properties Muller and Schleip recommend “fascial refinement” training that experiments with:

The term alta denotes a kneecap that sits too low, and baja denotes a kneecap that sits too high.

Functionally, it could be said that the knee is a slave to the hips and ankles, and is, therefore what?

In a way, the patellofemoral joint serves as a “pain center” for functional problems that may begin as far south as the feet and as far north as the pelvis.

Examination goals typically begin with ____ and anatomic landmark evaluations, followed by functional analysis of length-strength imbalances of the lower quadrant.

To support the alignment process, the client should always be given functional home retraining exercises to be performed weekly.

Aaron Mattes is the creator of Active Isolated Stretching, which is also called:

Flexibility decreases gradually after birth

The primary obstacle to flexibility is ___________________________________.

Traditional static stretching advocates prolonged holding of a stretch, which can decrease the blood flow to an area causing:

The stretch action should:

Although we often refer to the area being stretched as a “muscle,” this area actually encompasses muscles, tendons, ligaments, and fascia around a specific joint. It is a myofascial stretch.

Preliminary data from Stuart M. McGill, professor of kinesiology and director of the Spine Biomechanics Laboratory at the University of Waterloo, suggests that decreased hip extension mobility may be predictive of disabling low back pain (LBP).